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Local Publications

The following publications used ISAAC data from the centre:

  • Vlaski E, Stavric K, Seckova L, Kimovska M, Isjanovska R. Influence of physical activity and television-watching time on asthma and allergic rhinitis among young adolescents: preventive or aggravating? Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2008; 36(5): 247-53.
  • Björkstén B, Dumitrascu D, Foucard T, Khetsuriani N, Khaitov R, Leja M, Lis G, Pekkanen J, Priftanji A, Riikjärv MA. Prevalence of childhood asthma, rhinitis and eczema in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. Eur Respir J 1998; 12(2): 432-7.
  • Priftanji A, Strachan D, Burr M, Sinamati J, Shkurti A, Grabocka E, Kaur B, Fitzpatrick S. Asthma and allergy in Albania and the UK. Lancet 2001; 358(9291):1426-7.
  • Duhme H, Weiland SK, Rudolph P, Wienke A, Kramer A, Keil U. Asthma and allergies among children in West and East Germany: a comparison between Münster and Greifswald using the ISAAC phase I protocol. Eur Respir J 1998; 11(4): 840-7.
  • Habbick BF, Pizzichini MM, Taylor B, Rennie D, Senthilselvan A, Sears MR. Prevalence of asthma, hay fever and eczema in children in two canadian cities: the ISAAC study. CMAJ 1999; 160: 1824-1829.
  • Lis G, Brêborowicz A, Swiatly A, Pietrzyk JJ, Alkiewicz J, Moczko J. Prevalence of allergic diseases in schoolchildren in Krakow and Poznan (based on a standardized ISAAC questionnaire).[in Polish]. Pneumonol Alergol Pol.1997; 65(9-10): 621-7.
  • Pizzichini MM, Rennie D, Senthilselvan A, Taylor B, Habbick BF, Sears MR. Limited agreement between written and video asthma symptom questionnaires. Pediatr Pulmonol 2000; 30(4): 307-12.
  • Zhao T, Wang HJ, Chen Y, Xiao M, Duo L, Liu G, Lau Y, Karlberg J. Prevalence of childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in Urumqi and Beijing. J Paediatr Ch Health 2000; 36(2): 128-33.
  • Baena-Cagnani CE, Patiño CM, Cuello MN, Minervini MC, Fernández AM, Garip CM, Salvucci KD, Sancho ML, Corelli S, Gómez RM. Prevalence and severity of asthma and wheezing in an adolescent population. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1999; 118: 245-6.
  • Busquets RM, Anto JM, Sunyer J, Sancho N, Vall O. Prevalence of asthma-related symptoms and bronchial responsiveness to exercise in children aged 13-14 yrs in Barcelona, Spain. Eur Respir J 1996; 9(10): 2094-8.
  • Duhme H, Weiland SK, Keil U, Kraemer B, Schmid M, Stender M, Chambless L. The association between self-reported symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis and self-reported traffic density on street of residence in adolescents. Epidemiology 1996; 7(6): 578-82.
  • Eder W, Gamper A, Oberfeld G, Riedler J. Prevalence and severity of bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in Salzburg school children.[German]. Wien Klin Wochenschr.1998; 110(19): 669-77.
  • Esamai F, Anabwani GM. Prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and dermatitis in primary school children in Uasin Gishu district, Kenya. E Afr Med J 1996; 73(7): 474-8.
  • Falade AG, Olawuyi F, Osinusi K, Onadeko BO. Prevalence and severity of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhino-conjunctivitis and atopic eczema in secondary school children in Ibadan, Nigeria. E Afr Med J 1998; 75(12): 695-8.
  • Falade AG, Olawuyi JF, Osinusi K, Onadeko BO. Prevalence and severity of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic eczema in 6- to 7 - year-old Nigerian primary school chldren: The International study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Med Princ Pract 2004; 13(1): 20-25.
  • Felizola MLBM. Prevalência de asma brônquica em escolares do Distrito Federal e sua relação com o nível sócio-econômico. Masters thesis, Federal University of Brasilía, Distrito Federal, 1999.
  • Fernández Benitez M, Guillén F, Marin B, Pajaron MJ, Brun C, Aguinaga I, Esteban MA, García B, Martínez González MA, Notivol P, Santos MA, Zapata MA. International study of asthma and allergies in childhood.Results of the first phase of the I.S.A.A. C.project in Pamplona, Spain. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 1996; 6(5): 288-93.
  • Goh DY, Chew FT, Quek SC, Lee BW. Prevalence and severity of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in Singapore schoolchildren. Arch Dis Child 1996; 74(2): 131-5.
  • González Díaz C, Sánchez González E, García-Marcos L, Morato Rodríguez MD, Molina Zelaia I, Burgaleta Sagaseta A, Zaballa Gorordo J, Delgado Rubio A. Prevalence and severity of asthma in 13-14-year-old children in Bilbao.[Spanish]. An Esp Pediatr.1998; 48(6): 608-14.
  • Lau YL, Karlberg J. Prevalence and risk factors of childhood asthma, rhinitis and eczema in Hong Kong. J Paediatr Ch Health 1998; 34(1): 47-52.
  • Leung R, Wong G, Lau J, Ho A, Chan JK, Choy D, Douglass C, Lai CK. Prevalence of asthma and allergy in Hong Kong schoolchildren: an ISAAC study. Eur Respir J 1997; 10(2): 354-60.
  • Lis G, Pietrzyk JJ. Evaluation of hyperresponsiveness to the exercise challenge test in school children.[in Polish]. Pneumonol Alergol Pol.1997; 65(1-2): 53-60.
  • Lis G, Pietrzyk JJ. [The effect of air pollution on the prevalence of asthma in schoolchildren from Krakow].[in Polish]. Pneumonol Alergol Pol.1997; 65(9-10): 611-20.
  • Lis G, Pietrzyk JJ, Cichocka-Jarosz E, Szczerbinski T, Kwinta P. Bronchial asthma: do boys or girls have the highest incidence? [in Polish]. Przegl Lek.1997; 54(9): 602-6.
  • Maier WC, Arrighi HM, Morray B, Llewellyn C, Redding GJ. Indoor risk factors for asthma and wheezing among Seattle school children. Environ Health Perspec 1997; 105(2):208-14.
  • Moyes CD, Waldon J, Ramadas D, Crane J, Pearce N. Respiratory symptoms and environmental factors in schoolchildren in the Bay of Plenty. NZ Med J 1995; 108(1007): 358-61.
  • Pinto JE. I.S.A.A. C.World Project: epidemiology in the Cape Verde and Madeira Islands. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 1997; 7(5): 292-3.
  • Raherison C, Tunon De Lara JM, Vernejoux JM, Taytard A. Management of asthma in a school population in Bordeaux.[in French]. Rev Mal Respir 1997; 14(suppl.4): 4S67-4S72.
  • Ramadan FM, Khoury MN, Hajjar TA, Mroueh SM. Prevalence of allergic diseases in children in Beirut: comparison to worldwide data. J Med Liban 1999; 47(4): 216-21.
  • Shamssain MH, Shamsian N. Prevalence and severity of asthma, rhinitis, and atopic eczema: the north east study. Arch Dis Child 1999; 81(4): 313-7.
  • Morales Suárez-Varela MM, González AL, Martínez Selva MI. Socioeconomic risk factors in the prevalence of asthma and other atopic diseases in children 6 to 7 years old in Valencia Spain. Eur J Epidemiol 1999; 15(1): 35-40.
  • Tatto-Cano MI, Sanin-Aguirre LH, González V, Ruiz-Velasco S, Romieu I. Prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in school children in the city of Cuernavaca, Mexico.[in Spanish]. Salud Publica Mex 1997; 39(6): 497-506.
  • Trakultivakorn M. Prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in Northern Thai children from Chiang Mai (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, ISAAC). Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 1999; 17(4): 243-8.
  • Wilkie AT, Ford RP, Pattemore P, Schluter PJ, Town I, Graham P. Prevalence of childhood asthma symptoms in an industrial suburb of Christchurch. NZ Med J 1995; 108(1000): 188-90.
  • ISAAC. ISAAC Phase II Modules. Münster, Germany.May 1998.
  • Weinmayr G, Weiland SK, Björkstén B, Brunekreef B, Büchele G, Cookson WO, García-Marcos L, Gotua M, Gratziou C, van Hage M, von Mutius E, Riikjärv MA, Rzehak P, Stein RT, Strachan DP, Tsanakas J, Wickens K, Wong GW, and the ISAAC Phase Two Study Group. Atopic sensitization and the international variation of asthma symptom prevalence in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 176(6): 565-74.
  • Annus T, Björkstén B, Mai XM, Nilsson L, Riikjärv MA, Sandin A, Bråbäck L. Wheezing in relation to atopy and environmental factors in Estonian and Swedish schoolchildren. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 31(12): 1846-53.
  • Ko FWS, Wang HY, Wong GWK, Leung TF, Hui DSC, Chan DPS, Zhong NS, Lai CKW. Wheezing in Chinese schoolchildren: disease severity distribution and management practices, a community-based study in Hong Kong and Guangzhou. Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35(11): 1449-56.
  • Erwin EA, Wickens K, Custis NJ, Siebers R, Woodfolk J, Barry D, Crane J, Platts-Mills TA. Cat and dust mite sensitivity and tolerance in relation to wheezing among children raised with high exposure to both allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 115(1): 74-9.
  • Riikjärv MA, Annus T, Bråbäck L, Rahu K, Björkstén B. Similar prevalence of respiratory symptoms and atopy in Estonian schoolchildren with changing life style over 4 years. Eur Respir J 2000; 16(1): 86-90.
  • Wickens K, Barry D, Friezema A, Rhodius R, Bone N, Purdie G, Crane J. Fast foods - are they a risk factor for asthma?. Allergy 2005; 60(12): 1537-41.
  • Wickens K, Barry D, Friezema A, Rhodius R, Bone N, Purdie G, Crane J. Obesity and asthma in 11-12 year old New Zealand children in 1989 and 2000. Thorax 2005; 60(1): 7-12.
  • Anderson HR, Ruggles R, Strachan DP, Austin JB, Burr M, Jeffs D, Standring P, Steriu A, Goulding R. Trends in prevalence of symptoms of asthma, hay fever, and eczema in 12-14 year olds in the British Isles, 1995-2002: a questionnaire survey. BMJ 2004; 328(7447): 1052-3.
  • Živcovi? Z. Prevalence of childhood asthma, rhinitis and eczema in Belgrade area and Serbia. Child Pulmonol 2002; 10(1-2): 27-43.
  • Živkovi? Z, Živanovi? S, Pani? E. International study of asthma and allergies in childhood (phase 3) in Yugoslavia. Child Pulmonol 2001; 9(1-2): 41-44.
  • Solé D, Camelo-Nunes IC, Wandalsen GF, Melo KC, Naspitz CK. Is rhinitis alone or associated with atopic eczema a risk factor for severe asthma in children?.[Journal Article]. Pediatr Allergy Immunol.2005 Mar; 16(2):121-5.
  • Annus T, Riikjärv MA, Rahu K, Björkstén B. Modest increase in seasonal allergic rhinitis and eczema over 8 years among Estonian schoolchildren. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2005; 16(4): 315-20.
  • da Silva ER, Sly PD, de Pereira MU, Pinto LA, Jones MH, Pitrez PM, Stein RT. Intestinal helminth infestation is associated with increased bronchial responsiveness in children. Pediatr Pulmonol 2008; 43(7):662–665.
  • Awasthi S, Kalra E, Roy S, Awasthi S. Prevalence and risk factors of asthma and wheeze in school-going children in Lucknow, North India. Indian Pediatr 2004; 41: 1205-10.
  • Del-Río-Navarro BE, Luna-Pech JA, Berber A, Zepeda-Ortega B, Avila-Castañon L, Del-Río-Chivardi JM, Baeza-Bacab M, Sienra-Monge JJ. Factors associated with allergic rhinitis in children from northern Mexico City. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2007; 17(2): 77-84.
  • El-Sharif N, Abdeen Z, Qasrawi R, Moens G, Nemery B. Asthma prevalence in children living in villages, cities and refugee camps in Palestine. Eur Respir J 2002; 19(6):1026-34.
  • Hadnadjev M. Frequency of children’s asthma, allergic rhinitis and ezcema in Novi Sad. Child Pulmonol 2002; 10(1-2): 51-55.
  • Ibargoyen-Roteta N, Aguinaga-Ontoso I, Fernández-Benitez M, Marin-Fernández B, Guillén-Grima F, Serrano-Monzo I, Hermoso-de-mendoza J, Brun-Sandiumetge C, Ferrer-Nadal A, Irujo-Andueza A. Role of the home environment in rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in schoolchildren in Pamplona, Spain. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2007; 17(3): 137-44.
  • Kuschnir FC, Alves da Cunha AJ. Environmental and socio-demographic factors associated to asthma in adolescents in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2007; 18(2): 142-8.
  • Kuschnir FC, Cunha AJ, Braga Dde A, Silveira HH, Barroso MH, Aires ST. Asthma in 13-14-year-old schoolchildren in the city of Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil: prevalence, severity, and gender differences.[Portuguese]. Cad Saúde Pública 2007; 23(4): 919-26.
  • Lee SL, Wong W, Lau YL. Increasing prevalence of allergic rhinitis but not asthma among children in Hong Kong from 1995 to 2001 (Phase 3 International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood). Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2004; 15(1): 72-8.
  • Maziak W, Behrens T, Brasky TM, Duhme H, Rzehak P, Weiland SK, Keil U. Are asthma and allergies in children and adolescents increasing? Results from ISAAC phase I and phase III surveys in Munster, Germany. Allergy 2003; 58(7): 572-9.
  • Mercer MJ, Joubert G, Ehrlich RI, Nelson H, Poyser MA, Puterman A, Weinberg EG. Socioeconomic status and prevalence of allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema symptoms in young adolescents. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2004; 15(3): 234-41.
  • Morandi JLB. Avaliação da prevalência e gravidade da asma em escolares no Município de Duque de Caxias, RJ. Masters thesis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2001.
  • Poyser MA, Nelson H, Ehrlich RI, Bateman ED, Parnell S, Putermanz A, Weinberg E. Socioeconomic deprivation and asthma prevalence and severity in young adolescents. Eur Respir J 2002; 19(5): 892-8.
  • Rios JLM. Prevalência de asma em escolares e poluição atmosférica em dois municípios do Rio de Janeiro. Masters thesis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2001.
  • Robertson CF, Roberts MF, Kappers JH. Asthma prevalence in Melbourne schoolchildren: have we reached the peak? Med J Aust 2004; 180(6): 273-6.
  • Rzehak, P. [Trends and Risk Factors for Asthma and Allergies in Young Persons in Münster: Methodological Aspects and Results of the ISAAC I and III Studies, 1994/1995 and 1999/2000].[in German]. Shaker Verlag, Aachen.ISBN 3-8322-3972-3.2005.
  • Sharma SK, Banga A. Prevalence and risk factors for wheezing in children from rural areas of north India. Allergy Asthma Proc 2007; 28(6): 647-53.
  • Vlaski E, Stavric K, Isjanovska R, Seckova L, Kimovska M. Overweight hypothesis in asthma and eczema in young adolescents. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2006; 34(5): 199-205.
  • Vlaski E, Stavric K, Isjanovska R, Seckova L, Kimovska M. Acetaminophen Intake and Risk of Asthma, Hay Fever and Eczema in Early Adolescence. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2007; 6(3): 143-149.
  • Vlaski E, Stavric K, Isjanovska R, Seckova L, Kimovska M. Socioeconomic status hypothesis in asthma and eczema in young adolescents. All Hype Asthma 2006; 4(2): 17-23.
  • Wichmann J, Wolvaardt JE, Maritz C, Voyi KVV. Household conditions, eczema symptoms and rhinitis symptoms: relationship with wheeze and severe wheeze in adolescents living in the Polokwane area, South Africa. J Asthma 2007; 44(8): 659-66.
  • Wong GWK, Leung TF, Ko FWS, Lee KKM, Lam P, Hui DSC, Fok TF, Lai CKW. Declining asthma prevalence in Hong Kong Chinese schoolchildren. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34(10): 1550-5.
  • Zar HJ, Ehrlich RI, Workman L, Weinberg EG. The changing prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema in African adolescents from 1995 to 2002. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2007; 18(7): 560-5.
  • Živanovi? S, Jovanovi?-Slavkovi? M, Mileusni?-Milenovi? R, Perovi? L, Nikoli? S, Stojanovi?-Milojkovi? L, Kova?evi? S, Brankovi? S, Coni? M. Prevalence rate of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in children in Nis. Child Pulmonol 2002; 10(1-2): 45-50.
  • Haileamlak A, Lewis SA, Britton J, Venn AJ, Woldemariam D, Hubbard R, Williams HC. Validation of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC) and U.K. Criteria for atopic eczema in Ethiopian children. Br J Dermatol 2005; 152(4): 735-41.
  • Wichmann J, Wolvaardt JE, Maritz C, Voyi KVV. Association between household living conditions and eczema in adolescents living in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Curr All & Clin Immunol.2007; 20(3): 142-149.
  • García-Marcos L, Ruiz TR, García-Hernández G, Morales Suárez-Varela MM, Valverde-Molina J, Sánchez-Solis M. Asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis comorbidity: United airway disease or inherited target organs? Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010; 21 (1): e142-e148. E pub 7 Apr 2009.
  • Kuschnir FC, da Cunha ALA. Association of Overweight with Asthma Prevalence in Adolescents in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Journal of Asthma 2009; 46(9): 928 - 932
  • Blanco-Quirós A, García-Marcos L, Garrote JA, et al. Antibody levels to Bordetella pertussis in 10-yr-old children with atopy and atopic asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2005; 16(8):637-640.
  • Martin Fernández-Mayoralas D, Martin Caballero JM, García-Marcos AL. Association between atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma in schoolchildren aged 13-14 years old.[article in spanish]. An Pediatr (Barc ) 2004; 60(3):236-242.
  • Martin Fernández-Mayoralas D, Martin Caballero JM, García-Marcos AL. Prevalence of atopic dermatitis in schoolchildren from Cartagena (Spain) and relationship with sex and pollution.[article in spanish]. An Pediatr (Barc ) 2004; 60(6):555-560.
  • Morales Suárez-Varela MM, García-Marcos AL, González DC, et al. Prevalence of atopic eczema and nutritional factors in 6-7 year old children.[article in spanish]. Aten Primaria 2007; 39(7):355-360.
  • Del-Río-Navarro BE, Hernández-Román MP, Espinola Reyna G, Berber A, escalante-Domínguez AJ, González-Reyes M, Rosas-Vargas MA, Pérez-Lopez J, Baeza-Bacab M, Sienra-Monge JJ. A comparative study of bronchodilator reversibility with albuterol, between asthma symptomatic and asymptomatic children according to ISAAC questionnaire in Mexico City. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2004 Nov-Dec;32(6):334-9.
  • Di Domenicantonio R, De Sario M, Sammarro S, Compagnucci P, Forastiere F, Pistelli R, Serra MG, Corbo G, Agabiti N, Perucci CA. Asthma and allergies in childhood in Rome: Italian contribution to the ISAAC II. Epidemiol Prev.2003 Jul-Aug;27(4):226-33.[Italian]
  • Del-Río-Navarro B, Berber A, Blandón-Vijil V, Ramírez-Aguilar M, Romieu I, Ramírez-Chanona N, Heras-Acevedo S, Serrano-Sierra A, Barraza-Villareal A, Baeza-Bacab M, Sienra-Monge JJ. Identification of asthma risk factors in Mexico City in an International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood survey. Allergy Asthma Proc.2006 Jul-Aug;27(4):325-33.
  • Khaldi F, Fakhfakh R, Mattoussi N, Ben Ali B, Zouari S, Khemiri M. Prevalence and severity of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and atopic eczema in "Grand Tunis" schoolchildren: ISAAC. Tunis Med.2005 May;83(5):269-73.
  • Kuyucu S, Saraçlar Y, Tuncer A, Geyik PO, Adalioglu G, Akpinarli A, Sekerel BE, Sumbuloglu V. Epidemiologic characteristics of rhinitis in Turkish children: the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase 2. Pediatr Allergy Immunol.2006 Jun;17(4):269-77.
  • Solé D, Yamada E, Vana AT, Costa-Carvalho BT, Naspitz CK. Prevalence of asthma and related symptoms in school-age children in Sao Paulo, Brazil--International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC). J Asthma.1999;36(2):205-12.
  • Teeratakulpisarn J, Pairojkul S, Heng S. Survey of the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in schoolchildren from Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand.an ISAAC study.International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol.2000 Dec;18(4):187-94.
  • Vellinga A, Droste JH, Vermeire PA, Desager K, De Backer WA, Nelen VJ, Weyler JJ. Changes in respiratory and allergic symptoms in schoolchildren from 1996 to 2002, results from the ISAAC surveys in Antwerp (Belgium). Acta Clin Belg.2005 Sep-Oct;60(5):219-25.
  • Violante R, Del-Río Navarro BE, Berber A, Ramírez Chanona N, Baeza Bacab M, Sienra Monge JJ. Obesity risk factors in the ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) in Mexico City. Rev Alerg Mex.2005 Jul-Aug;52(4):141-5.
  • Wellie O, Duhme H, Streit U, von Mutius E, Keil U, Weiland SK. Application of geographical information systems in epidemiological studies exemplified by the ISAAC study in Munich. Gesundheitswesen.2000 Aug-Sep;62(8-9):423-30.German.
  • Wang HY, Wong GW, Chen YZ, Ferguson A, Greene J, Ma Y, Zhong NS, Lai CKW, Sears M. Prevalence of asthma among Chinese adolescents living in Canada and in China. CMAJ 2008 179: 1133-1142.
  • Mallol J, Castro-Rodríguez JA, Cortez E. Effects of active tobacco smoking on the prevalence of asthma-like symptoms in adolescents. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis.2007;2(1):65-9.
  • Pinto LA, Steudemann L, Depner M, Klopp N, Illig T, Weiland SK, von Mutius E, Kabesch M. STAT1 gene variations, IgE regulation and atopy. Allergy 2007 Dec; 62(12):1456-61.
  • Rydjord B, Marton JH, Stromsnes H, Granum B, Bolle R, Nystad W, Hetland G. Mould-specific immunoglobulin antibodies quantified by flow cytometry reflect mould exposure in Norwegian children. Clin Exp Allergy.38(3):430-7, 2008 Mar.
  • Schedel M, Pinto LA, Schaub B, Rosenstiel P, Cherkasov D, Cameron L, Klopp N, Illig T, Vogelberg C, Weiland SK, von Mutius E, Lohoff M, Kabesch M. IRF-1 gene variations influence IgE regulation and atopy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.177(6):613-21, 2008 Mar 15.
  • Wichmann J, Wolvaardt JE, Maritz C, Voyi KVV. Association between children's household living conditions and eczema in the Polokwane area, South Africa. Health Place.2008 Jun;14(2):323-35.Epub Aug 2007.
  • Kuhlisch W, Hirsch T, Olunczek U, Vollheim B, Gross B, Düring I, Weiland SK, Leupold W. Validation and subjective reports of exposure to traffic by traffic count, NO2 dispersion modeling and measuring NO2 emissions.[article in german]. Soz Praventivmed.2002; 47(2): 116-23.
  • Behrens T, Taeger D, Maziak W, Duhme H, Rzehak P, Weiland SK, Keil U. Self-reported traffic density and atopic disease in children.Results of the ISAAC Phase III survey in Muenster, Germany. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2004; 15(4): 331-9.
  • Büchele G, Rzehak P, Weinmayr G, Keil U, Leupold W, von Mutius E, Weiland SK. Assessing bronchial responsiveness to hypertonic saline using the stepwise protocol of Phase II of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC II). Pediatr Pulmonol 2007 Feb;42(2):131-40.
  • Behrens T, Maziak W, Weiland SK, Siebert E, Rzehak P, Keil U. The use of synthetic bedding in children.Do strategies of change influence associations with asthma? J Asthma 2005 Apr;42(3):203-6.
  • Bolte G, Kompauer I, Fobker M, Cullen P, Keil U, Mutius E, Weiland SK. Fatty acids in serum cholesteryl esters in relation to asthma and lung function in children. Clin Exp Allergy 2006 Mar;36(3):293-302.
  • Cassol VE, Rizzato TM, Teche SP, Basso DF, Hirakata VN, Maldonado M, Colpo E, Solé D. [Prevalence and severity of asthma among adolescents and their relationship with the body mass index]. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2005 Jul-Aug;81(4):305-9.Portuguese.
  • López-Silvarrey Varela A, González Barcala FJ, Paz Esquete JJ, Pérez Castro TR, Valdes Cuadrado L, Castro Iglesias A. [Prevalence of asthma and rhinitis symptoms in A Coruna (Spain)]. An Pediatr (Barc). 2007 Feb;66(2):146-53.Spanish.
  • Pac-Sa MR, Museros-Recatala L, Arnedo Peña A, Bellido-Blasco JB, Puig-Barbera J, Artero-Sivera A, Campos-Cruanes JB, Aguinaga-Ontoso I. [Risk factors for symptoms of allergic rhinitis in adolescents in Castellon, Spain]. Rev Panam Salud Publica.2008 May;23(5):333-40.Spanish.
  • Al-Riyami BM, Al-Rawas OA, Al-Riyami AA, Jasim LG, Mohammed AJ. A relatively high prevalence and severity of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema in schoolchildren in the Sultanate of Oman. Respirology 2003 Mar;8(1):69-76.
  • von Ehrenstein OS, Maier EM, Weiland SK, Carr D, Hirsch T, Nicolai T, Roscher AA, von Mutius E. Alpha1 antitrypsin and the prevalence and severity of asthma. Arch Dis Child.2004 Mar;89(3):230-1.
  • De Britto MC, Bezerra PG, Ferreira OS, Maranhao IC, Trigueiro GA. Asthma prevalence in schoolchildren in a city in north-east Brazil. Ann Trop Paediatr.2000 Jun;20(2):95-100.
  • Romieu I, Werneck G, Ruiz Velasco S, White M, Hernández M. Breastfeeding and asthma among Brazilian children. J Asthma.2000;37(7):575-83.
  • Selnes A, Nystad W, Bolle R, Lund E. Diverging prevalence trends of atopic disorders in Norwegian children.Results from three cross-sectional studies. Allergy.2005 Jul;60(7):894-9.
  • Rutter CE, Silverwood RJ, Asher MI, Ellwood P, Pearce N, Garcia-Marcos L, Strachan DP, and the ISAAC Phase Three Study Group Comparison of individual-level and population-level risk factors for rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, and eczema in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100123
  • Riu E, Dressel H, Windstetter D, Weinmayr G, Weiland S, Vogelberg C, Leupold W, von Mutius E, Nowak D, Radon K. First months of employment and new onset of rhinitis in adolescents. Eur Respir J.2007 Sep;30(3):549-55.Epub May 2007.
  • von Mutius E, Illi S, Hirsch T, Leupold W, Keil U, Weiland SK. Frequency of infections and risk of asthma, atopy and airway hyperresponsiveness in children. Eur Respir J.1999 Jul;14(1):4-11.
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  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
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  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
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  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
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  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
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  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092
  • Del-Rio-Navarro BE, Navarrete-Rodríguez EM, Berber A, Reyes-Noriega N and García-Marcos Álvarez L, Grupo GAN México, Grupo ISAAC México The burden of asthma in an inner-city area: A historical review 10 years after ISAAC. World Allergy Organization Journal (2020) 13:100092

Centre

Phase OnePhase TwoPhase Three View Centre Details
Centre:, Brasil ( Latin America )
Principal Investigator:Professor Dirceu Solé
Age Groups:13-14, 6-7Timeframe:13-14yr:June 1995 to September 1995
6-7yr:June 1995 to October 1995
Sampling Frame:
Phase OneView Centre DetailsPhase TwoPhase Three
Centre:, Brasil ( Latin America )
Principal Investigator:Professor Dirceu Solé
Age Groups:13-14, 6-7Timeframe:August 2001 to November 2002
Sampling Frame:All schools are in south-centre in São Paulo. The same sampling frame was used for both Phase One and Phase Three.

Personnel

Inês C. Camelo-Nunes



Federal University of São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina
São Paulo
Brasil

Roles:

  • Phase One collaborator for
  • Phase Three collaborator for

Karen Chacon



Federal University of São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina
São Paulo
Brasil

Roles:

  • Phase Three collaborator for

Professor Charles Naspitz

Division of Allergy
Departmento de Pediatria
Rua dos Otonis, 725

Brasil

Roles:

  • Phase Three collaborator for

Professor Dirceu Solé

Professor of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology
Dept of Pediatrics
Federal University of São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina
São Paulo
Brasil

Roles:

  • National Coordinator for Brasil
  • Phase One Principal Investigator for
  • Phase Three Principal Investigator for

Why was this centre selected for ISAAC?

The city of São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil. Its population exceeds 12 million and it is a large industrial centre with a high level of air pollution. The population of São Paulo brings together people from all over Brazil and the world, so there is a high degree of miscegenation that hinders genetic studies. Considering the dimensions of the city, it would be impossible to comply with the ISAAC protocol with respect to obtaining a representative sample of children and adolescents living in São Paulo. Because of this we decided to study the southern region (Phases One and Three) and the western region of the city (Phase Three). The first one is characterized for hosting the second airport of the country in terms of air traffic, and the second region was defined because it has roads leading to rural areas of São Paulo.

The ISAAC’s standardized written questionnaire was translated into Portuguese and validated (Brazilian culture) in São Paulo centre for both age periods and it was possible to verify that if the clinical diagnosis of asthma was used to identify asthmatic patients, the result would be an underdiagnosed disease. The above mentioned validated tool was used for several other epidemiological researches on asthma in children.

On the other hand, in Santa Maria, in addition to reduced levels of air pollution exposure, the city is smaller and there is a low degree of miscegenation that provides an apparently more homogeneous genetic population than the rest of Brazil. Localized in the middle of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Maria has lower annual mean temperature. Moreover, the availability of people with more homogeneous genetic background allows us to assess the action of environment on the expression of asthma and allergic diseases (urban x rural). These centers were coordinated by Prof Vitor E Cassol until his death in 2008. After this I assumed them.

Our experience of ISAAC

As a national coordinator I have tried to disseminate the knowledge obtained in those centres and in Brazil trying to publish several papers telling about the main characteristics of asthma and allergic diseases in Brazil.

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge to all local coordinators that obtained financial support to participate in Phases One and/or Three. We are also indebted to all the children, parents and school staff who participated in the surveys.

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The ISAAC Programme formally finished in December 2012. The Global Asthma Network was founded in 2012 and will extend the work of ISAAC in the asthma field.

Last Modified: September 2011
Please acknowledge the ISAAC Steering Committee when using any of the material in this web site. Website design by Eamon Ellwood. Please contact Eamon if you would like to link to this page.